advanced materials

Thermoelectric cooling might sound complex, but the idea is simple: it uses electricity to move heat, with no moving parts, refrigerants, or compressors. When electric current runs through two different materials, one side gets cold while the other gets hot; a process called the Peltier effect (Encyclopedia Britannica, “Peltier Effect”). [...]

“Mine-to-magnet” refers to a fully integrated rare-earth supply chain, where a single nation or company controls every stage, from mining the ore to producing finished permanent magnets. These magnets, typically neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) or samarium-cobalt, are essential for electric vehicles, wind turbines, and defense technologies. Today, most rare-earth processing and magnet [...]

Imagine a material that isn’t just “inert” when placed in the body but helps your body heal. That’s what bioactive glass does. It’s a special kind of glass made using ingredients like silica, calcium, sodium, and phosphate. When used in medical or dental settings, it interacts with body fluids, helps [...]

Plasma technology plays a key role in modern semiconductor fabrication. It is used for etching, depositing films, cleaning, and modifying surfaces, making chips smaller, faster, and more reliable. Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) Uses plasma to deposit thin films on wafers at lower temperatures than traditional methods. Creates layers like [...]

In a world wrapped in plastic pollution and unsustainable packaging waste, scientists and innovators are turning to an unlikely hero: mushrooms. More specifically, the mycelium, an underground network that can be grown into dense, durable structures. Fungi-based foams—a biodegradable alternative to traditional petroleum-based foams like Styrofoam. These natural materials are [...]